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Saturday, February 2, 2019

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DIBORANE:

The Boranes unddergo different type of chemical reactions like oxidation, pyrolysis, Nucleophilic and electrophic  and reactions with bases such as OH- and NH3.

(1) Reaction with Na: Diborane reacts with sodium amalgum to form an addition product B2H6Na2.

(2) Reaction with air: the reaction of diborane with oxygen is highly exothermic and due to evolution of enormous amount of heat energy it can use as industrial fuel and propellants and not use as domestic due to its poisonous nature..

(3) Thermal Stability: B2H6 stable only at low temperature when heated 100 to 250 degree it changes into higher hydrides and On heating to 700ºC diborane dissociates.


Note: - Formation of B2H2Cl4 shows that the 2H left in B2H2Cl4 are responsible for dimmer formation (Bridge bond). Diborane has only four replaceable hydrogen and with their replacement, the dimeric structure continuous to be as such. Remaining  two hydrogen when they get displaced, the dimeric structure break indicating that these two hydrogen are act as bridging hydrogen.  

(9) Reaction with Ammonia (NH3):

(1) Diborane react with excess NH3 at temperature to form (inorganic graphite) Boron nitride (BN) x.while when diborane and NH3 react in 1:2 ratios at low temperature give   Inorganic Benzene (Borazole).

(2) Diborane is electron-deficient molecule and hence it reacts with several molecules having lone pair(s) of electron like CO, ether, amines, to form complex compounds.

(3) B2H6 give symmetrical cleavage with respect to only large size and weak amines CO, H¯, N(CH3)3 , THF, PH3, PF3 , OEt3 OMe2 ,Pyridine, Thiophene ,SMe2, Set3 etc.

(4) In the presence of small and strong base B2H6 undergo unsymmetrical cleavage like NH3, H2N (CH3), HN (CH3)2 etc

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE:

(10) Methylation of Doborane:

(1) In diborane two boron atoms and four terminal hydrogen atoms lie in one plane. While two bridge hydogen atoms (encircled ) lie smmetrically above and below the plane.

(2) Total valence electrons in B2H6 is 12(6 from boron 3x2) and 6 from six hydrogen atoms) and there are two B-H-B (3C-2e) bridge bonds and four B-H (2C-2e) terminal bonds.

(3) Bond energy of B-H-B bond is 441 kjpermole which greater than bond energy B-H bond (341Kjpermole) hence methylation of diborane no more than four hydrogen.



(4) In above reaction it is clearly reveal that none of the bridge hydrogen in B2H6  has been replaced by –CH3 .ie in this reaction both the bridge bond remaine undissociate.

Structure of "Inorganic Benzene" /Borazole/Borazine:

Structure of Boron Nitride:

Structure of Fulelrences:

Structure of Graphite:


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