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Showing posts with label INORGANIC MECHANISM:. Show all posts
Showing posts with label INORGANIC MECHANISM:. Show all posts

Wednesday, January 13, 2021

What is the structure of Aluminium tetrahydridoborate (Al(BH4)3) ?

Al(BH4)3 is a volatile liquid and covalent compound and does not contain any ion but it contain (B-H-Al) hydrogen bridge structure in which each boron atom attach to aluminium by hydrogen bridge.


Related Questions: 

(1) Why aqueous solution of AlCl3 is acidic in nature ?

(2) What happen when aq AlCl3 react with Acid or Base?

(3) Although anhydrous aluminium chloride is covalent but its aqueous solution is ionic in nature. Why?

(4) Why BF3 do not exist as dimer?. Explain.

(5) Why B-F bond length in BF3 is shorter (130 pm) than B-F bond Iength in BF4- (143 pm)?. Explain.

(6) B-F bond length in BF3 is shorter than B-F bond length in (BF4)- why?

(7) When B2H6 is allowed to react with following Lewis bases, then how may given Lewis base form adduct through symmetrical Cleavage of B2H6.

(8) What is product of reaction between diborane (B2H6) and ammmonia (NH3)?

(9) Why methylation of Diborane (B2H6) replace four hydrogen only ?

(10) What is Use of Boric Acid?

(11) What is use of Orthoboric acids?

(12) What is basicity of "Boric acid" ?

(13) Why Boric acid exist in solid state ?

(14) What is structure of solid Ortho Boric acid ?

(15) What is effect of heat on Borax?

(16) What is the structure of trimetaboric acid and trimetaborate ion?

(17) What is the Sodium per borate ,give the structure and its uses?

(18) Why aqueous solution of borax reacts with two moles of acids ?

(19) What is the molecular formula of Borax ?

(20) Why Boric acid become strong acid in the presence of cis 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol ?

(21) Why Borazine is more reactive than benzene towards Electrophic Aromatic substitution reactions ?

(22) Why Borazine (B3N3H6) is also known as inorganic benzene ?.

(23) Four-center two-electron bond (4C-2e Bond): Structure of AlCl3:

(24) What is the difference between the structure of AlCl3 and diborane?

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Monday, January 11, 2021

Why Sulphide ion (S2-) is less basic than oxide ion ( O2-)?

SOLUTION: Sulphide ion (S2-) is less basic than oxide ion (O2-) due  to its larger size. the oxide ion has a higher charge density than the sulphide ion hence the small H+ more attracted toward smaller ion (O2-) .

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Which is more basic oxide ion (O-2 ) or hydroxide ion( OH- ) and why ?

SOLUTION: The basic strength of base primarily depends on the ability of a species to attract H+, which is also depends upon electrostatic interactions. The smaller and more highly charged a negative species is, the stronger the attraction for the small, positive H+ ion. For example, O2- has a higher negative charge than OH-, and as a result it is a stronger base. One does not normally expect reactions that take place in aqueous solutions to produce oxides as a result of the basicity of O2-. Ionic oxides normally react with water to produce hydroxides:

                                           CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2


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Sunday, January 3, 2021

What is the Sodium per borate ,give the structure and its uses?

Sodium per borate (NaBO3.H2O) (more correctly sodium dioxoborate peroxohydrate) is prepared from borax by treatment with NaOH to convert it to sodium borate (NaBO2) and further reaction with hydrogen peroxide.

Structure of sodium per borate:
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Saturday, January 2, 2021

Why aqueous solution of AlCl3 is acidic in nature ?

Aluminium forms covalent compound with chloride because lionization enthalpy (∆iH= +5137 kJ/mole) of Aluminium is very high due to small size and chlorine is unable to convert  Al into Al+3 ions. 

However, when anhydrous AlCl3 (which is covalent in character) is dissolved in water, it undergoes hydration as follow:  

AI2CI6 + H2O -->2[Al(H2O)6]+3 +(∆H)  

Hydration of anhydrous Aluminium chloride is highly exothermic in nature. The hydration enthalpy is more than ionisation enthalpy of aluminium.This hydration enthalpy removes all the three valence electrons of the aluminium leading to the formation of Al3+ more easly.This AI3+ is hydrated with water and form a complex ion. Thus in water Al exist as [Al(H2O)6]+3. so aqueous AlCl3 form Hexahydrated complex salt.

Related Questions: 

(1) Although anhydrous aluminium chloride is covalent but its aqueous solution is ionic in nature. Why?

(2) Why Ga has small size than Al exceptionally

(3) Why aqueous solution of borax reacts with two moles of acids ?

(4) What is structure of solid Ortho Boric acid ?

(5) What is the structure of trimetaboric acid and trimetaborate ion?  

(6) Why Borazine is more reactive than benzene towards Electrophic Aromatic substitution reactions ?

(7) Why Borazine (B3N3H6) is also known as inorganic benzene ?.

(8) Why B-F bond length in BF3 is shorter (130 pm) than B-F bond Iength in BF4- (143 pm)?. Explain.

(9) Why B-F do not exist as dimer?. Explain.

(10) Although anhydrous aluminium chloride is covalent but its aqueous solution is ionic in nature. Why?

(11) Why Boric acid become strong acid in the presence of cis 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol ?

(12) Four-center two-electron bond (4C-2e Bond): Structure of AlCl3:

(13) What is the molecular formula of Borax ?

(14) What is the difference between the structure of AlCl3 and diborane?


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Sunday, December 27, 2020

When B2H6 is allowed to react with following Lewis bases, then how may given Lewis base form adduct through symmetrical Cleavage of B2H6.

NH3, CH3NH2, Pyridine , CO, T.H.F., PH3, PF3, (Me)3N, (Me)2NH.

SOLUTION:

B2H6 undergoes symmetrical cleavage with large size weak Lewis base like PH3, PF3, Pyridine , THF , (Me)3N , CO.

Related questions:

(1) Why Ga has small size than Al exceptionally

(2) Why aqueous solution of borax reacts with two moles of acids ?

(3) What is structure of solid Ortho Boric acid ?

(4)What is the structure of trimetaboric acid and trimetaborate ion?  

(5) Why Borazine is more reactive than benzene towards Electrophic Aromatic substitution reactions ?

(6) Why Borazine (B3N3H6) is also known as inorganic benzene ?.

(7) Why B-F bond length in BF3 is shorter (130 pm) than B-F bond Iength in BF4- (143 pm)?. Explain.

(8) Why B-F do not exist as dimer?. Explain.

(9) Although anhydrous aluminium chloride is covalent but its aqueous solution is ionic in nature. Why?

(10) Why Boric acid become strong acid in the presence of cis 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol ?

(11) Three-center two-electron bond (3C-2e Bond):Structure of AlCl3:

(12) What is the molecular formula of Borax ?

(13) What is the difference between the structure of AlCl3 and diborane?

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Give the examples of covalent species which have different hybridization in gaseous state as well as in liquid phase?

 


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What happen when aq AlCl3 react with Acid or Base?

When a soluble aluminium salt is placed in water at room temperature. Initially the aluminium ion is surrounded by six water molecules and the complex ion has the predicted octahedral Geometry.

This complex ion behaves as an acid in water, losing protons, and a series of equilibria are established (H+ is used, rather than H3O+for simplicity):

These equilibria give rise to an acidic solution in water, to the Hexahydroxoaluminate(iii) ion [Al(OH)6]3- in a strongly alkaline solution, and only in strongly acidic solutions is the hexaaquo ion [Al(H2O)6]3+ found. 

The solid hydrate, often written AlCl3. 6H2O and more correctly [Al(H2O)6]Cl3 can, therefore, only be obtained from a strongly acidic solution. The reaction with water resulting in the liberation of a proton is again known as hydrolysis and occurs whenever the central metal ion is small and highly charged (i.e. having a high surface density of charge), for example in salts of iron(III), chrornium(III).

Related Questions: 

(1) Although anhydrous aluminium chloride is covalent but its aqueous solution is ionic in nature. Why?

(2) Why Ga has small size than Al exceptionally

(3) Why aqueous solution of borax reacts with two moles of acids ?

(4) What is structure of solid Ortho Boric acid ?

(5) What is the structure of trimetaboric acid and trimetaborate ion?  

(6) Why Borazine is more reactive than benzene towards Electrophic Aromatic substitution reactions ?

(7) Why Borazine (B3N3H6) is also known as inorganic benzene ?.

(8) Why B-F bond length in BF3 is shorter (130 pm) than B-F bond Iength in BF4- (143 pm)?. Explain.

(9) Why B-F do not exist as dimer?. Explain.

(10) Although anhydrous aluminium chloride is covalent but its aqueous solution is ionic in nature. Why?

(11) Why Boric acid become strong acid in the presence of cis 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol ?

(12) Four-center two-electron bond (4C-2e Bond): Structure of AlCl3:

(13) What is the molecular formula of Borax ?

(14) What is the difference between the structure of AlCl3 and diborane?

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Why SF6 is inert while SF4 is a very reactive molecule that reacts with H2O rapidly and vigorously?

 

The fact that SF6 does not react with water is not due to thermodynamic stability. Rather, it is because there is no low-energy pathway for the reaction to take place (kinetic stability). Six fluorine atoms surrounding the sulfur atom effectively prevent attack of water molecules and the sulfur atom has no unshared pairs of electrons where other molecules might attack. In SF4 , not only is there sufficient space for an attacking species (water) to gain access to the sulfur atom, but also the unshared pair is a reactive site. As a result of these structural differences, SF6 is relatively inert, whereas SF4 is very reactive.


Related Questions:






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What are the characteristics features of π-bond ?

(1) π-bond fired by lateral (sidewise) overlapping of atomic orbitals.

(2) lateral overlapping is only partial, so bonds formed are weaker and hence more reactive than sigma bond.

(3) Free rotation about a π- bond is not possible.

(4) π- bond is weaker than sigma bond.

(5) π-bonds are non directional, so do not determine the shape of a molecules.

(5) π- bond take part in resonance.

(6) π- bond formed by pure or anhybrid orbitals.


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Tuesday, December 22, 2020

What is the structure of Basic beryllium Nitrate (BBN)?

Basic Beryllium nitrate is a Covalent compound and has as unique structure like [Be4O(NO3)], containg six nitrate group. The more interesting structure of Basic Beryllium nitrate because the nitrate group act as indented ligand in forming a bridge  between two Be atoms.

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How to basic beryllium nitrate is obtained from beryllium nitrates?

Their is a unique feature of Beryllium nitrate , on heating at low temperature (125℃) it give Basic Beryllium nitrate , nitrogen gas and oxygen gas but at high temperature (above 1000℃) it give same products like other bivalent nitrate salts.

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Thursday, December 17, 2020

Which oxides (Anhydrides) gives two Oxyacids in water ?

 The oxides (Anhydrides) in which oxidation state of central atom is found to be uncommon with respect to common oxidation state of family or group of the central atom. mixed oxide on dissolving in water  under go "Disproportionation"

Related Questions:

What are "pyro" oxy acids?




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Friday, November 20, 2020

What are the chemical formula and chemical name of Red Vitriol?

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What are the chemical formula and chemical name of "Mohar's Salt" ?

 When saturated solutions of ferrous sulphate and al Ammonium sulphate are mixed and the solution is evaporated, we get the well known compound, Mohr’s salt.


Related Questions;

What are the chemical formula and chemical name of Glauber salt ?

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What are the chemical formula and chemical name of Glauber salt ?

 The chemical formula of Glauber salt is (Na2SO4·10H2O) and chemical name is hydrated sodium sulphate. it a colorless crystalline salt  used  in dyeing, as a cathartic, and in solar energy systems.

Related Questions;

What are the chemical formula and chemical name of Glauber salt ?

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What are the chemical formula and chemical name of Epsom ?

The chemical formula of Epsom is MgSO4.xH2O (x=7) and chemical name is Magnesium sulphate.

Related Questions;

What are the chemical formula and chemical name of Glauber salt ?

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What are the chemical formula and chemical name of Plaster of paris ?

The chemical formula of Plaster of paris is CaSO4.xH2O (x=1/2) and chemical name is Calcium sulphate hemihydrate.

Related Questions;

What are the chemical formula and chemical name of Glauber salt ?

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What are the chemical formula and chemical name of Gypsom ?

 The chemical formula of Gypsom is CaSO4.xH2O (x=2) and chemical name is Calcium sulphate dihydrate.

Related Questions;

What are the chemical formula and chemical name of Glauber salt ?

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