What is the structure and structural characteristic of dichlorine heptaoxide (Cl2O7)?

Avarage oxidation state of Chlorine in Cl₂O₇ is one of the common oxidation state of the chlorine so there is (Cl-O-Cl) Oxy-linkage will be present. And one of oxygen atom is shared by both of chlorine atoms and rest of the oxygen atoms equally distributed.

The whole molecule dichlorine heptaoxide (Cl₂O₇) is non planer and polar and oxygen aotm of (Cl-O-Cl) oxy-linkage does not involve in delocalization due to maximum repulsion hence two Cl-O bond have equal length and bond order may be/equal to one while other six Cl=O bond have eqaual bond length.

In dichlorine heptaoxide (Cl₂O₇) , two ClO₄ group connected with an oxygen atom which is sp3 hybridised (non planer) and bond angle may be expected 109⦁28’ but actually due to the presence of two lone pair on oxygen atom the Cl-O-Cl bond angle deviated from ideal and it may be greater (119⦁) than ideal bond angle.

Question (1): Number of sigma  and pi bonds present in Cl₂O₇ is/ are ....?

Answer: Number of sigma and pi bond present in Cl₂O₇ are (8) and (6) repectively.

Question(2):What is the anhydride of  HClO4 ?

Answer: Cl2​O7​ is the anhydride of  HClO4

Question (3):Number of equivalent Cl-O bond in Cl₂O₇ is/are….

Answer Number of equivalent Cl-O bond in Cl₂O₇ are (2) two.

 

Question(4):Number of equivalent Cl=O bond in Cl₂O₇ is/are….

Answer:Number of equivalent Cl=O bond in Cl₂O₇ are (6) six.

Related Questions:

(1) Why halogens are insoluble in water ?

(2) Is F2 bond is stronger than Br2 ?

(3) Which is best known pseudohalide ?

(4) Iodine forms I3- but F2 does not form F3- ions. Why?

(5) Number of lone pair present at central atom of I3- ion and also give hybridisation and shape of ion?

(6) How many maximum atoms of IF7 are present in the same plane ?

(7) What are the Pseudohalogens or halogenoids?

(8) What are Pseudohalides ? and What is similarity with halides?

(9) Although electron affinity of chlorine is higher than fluorine, yet fluorine act as better oxidizing agent than chlorine? Explain.

(10) Although electron affinity of chlorine is higher than fluorine, yet fluorine act as better oxidizing agent than chlorine? Explain.

(11) Why chlorine trifluoride (ClF3) exists but fluorine trichloride (FCl3) does not?

(12) Why Chlorine (Cl2) bleaches a substance permanently but sulphuredioxide (SO2) does it temporarily?

(13) What is the correct order of electronegativity of Cl atoms in HClO, HClO2, HClO3 and HClO4 ?

(14) How does the thermal stability of oxy acids of chlorine increase with an increase in the oxidation state of chlorine atom ?

(15) Which of the following is a strongest acid among oxy acids of chlorine and why? "HClO, HClO2, HClO3, HClO4"

(16) Which will have very fast tendency to dimerized ClO2 or NO and why?

(17) Which of the following is a strongest acid among oxy acids of chlorine and why? "HClO, HClO2, HClO3, HClO4"

Cage like Structure

P₄, P₄O₄, P₄O₁₀, P₄S₃, P₄S₁₀, N₄(CH₂)₆

Structure of P4O6 and P4O10

Normal Oxides:

The Oxides in which oxidation state of central atom is found to be one of the it's common oxidation state. The are also called acid anhydrides because on dissolving them  into water oxygen acid is formed in which oxidation state of central atom is found to be same as present in Oxide.

Examples:  B₂O₃, CO₂, N₂O₃, N₂O₅, SO₂, SO₃, Cl₂O₇, XeO₃, XeO₄ etc.

Peroxides

The oxides in which  calculated oxidation state of central atom is more than maximum oxidation state of central atom due to the presence of peroxide linkage.

For examples, H₂O₂, Na₂O₂, BaO₂, PbO₂, CrO₅ etc.

Suboxides:

The oxides contains more oxygen atoms as compare to central atoms and according to valency requirements of central atoms number of oxygen atoms are not sufficient.

For examples B₂O₃, C₃O₂, C₁₂O₉, Pb₃O, Rb₉O₂, Cs₁₁O₃ etc. 

Mixed Oxides:

The oxides in which oxidation state of oxygen atom is found to be it's uncommon oxidation state on central atom. Mixed oxides on dissolving in water undergo "disproportionation" 

For examples B₂O₃, ClO₂, Cl₂O₇ , N₂O_{5 ,} As₂O₄ etc.

Related Questions:

Which oxides (Anhydrides) gives two Oxyacids in water ?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

Why Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) dimerises to form Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4)?

Why Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is coloured but Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4) is colourless?

What is product obtained when N2O5 is treated with NaCl?

What are Nature of the alkali metal oxides(O-2), peroxides (O2-2) and superoxides (O-1/2) in hydrolysis reactions?

What are the SESQUI OXIDES ? give the examples.

Which is more basic oxide ion (O-2 ) or hydroxide ion( OH- ) and why ?

Perovskite Oxides:

ABO₃ type Oxides are also called Perovskite for examples CaTiO₃  And BaTiO₃.

Sesqui Oxides

The oxides in which number of oxygen atoms pet central atoms is found to be 3/2 .And it may be ionic, covalent or missed oxides.Mostly M₂O₃ type Oxides (Corundum structure) are sesqui Oxides.  Where M⁺²= Al, Ga, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, The etc.

Examples , B₂O₃, N₂O₃, Al₂O₃ ( covalent oxide) Fe₂O₃ (ionic oxide) Pb₂O₃ (mixed oxide)

Super Oxides

The oxides in which oxidati state of oxygen atom always -1/2, and super oxides are always ionic and paramagnetic.

For examples KO₂ , PbO₂, (NH₄)O₂ etc.

KO₂ => k+[O-O]-. Have following character

Bond pair -2

Lone pair -2

Hybri- sp2, linear non planner and bond angle not applicable.

Neutral Oxides

The are  oxides of non metals which are neither acidic nor basic in nature or these are not  react  with acids or bases for examples.

                                 CO, NO, N₂O, H₂O and OF₂ etc.

Classification of oxides on basis of oxygen content:

(1) Normal Oxides:

(2) Sesqui Oxides:

(3) Mixed Oxides:

(4) Peroxides:

(5) Super Oxides:

(6) Suboxides:

(7) Perovskites:

(8) Spinel Oxides:

(9) Cage like Oxide:

(1) Normal oxides:

The Oxides in which oxidation state of central atom is found to be one of the it's common oxidation state. The are also called acid anhydride because on dissolving them  into water oxygen acid is formed in which oxidation state of central atom is found to be same as present in Oxide.

examples:  B₂O₃, CO₂, N₂O₃, N₂O₅, SO₂, SO₃, Cl₂O₇, XeO₃, XeO₄ etc.

(2) Sesqui oxides:

The oxides in which number of oxygen atoms pet central atoms is found to be 3/2 .And it may be ionic, covalent or missed oxides.Mostly M₂O₃ type Oxides (Corundum structure) are sesqui Oxides.  Where M⁺²= Al, Ga, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, The etc.

Examples , B₂O₃, N₂O₃, Al₂O₃ ( covalent oxide) Fe₂O₃ (ionic oxide) Pb₂O₃ (mixed oxide)
(3) Mixed Oxides:

The oxides in which oxidation state of oxygen atom is found to be it's uncommon oxidation state on central atom. Mixed oxides on dissolving in water undergo "disproportionation" 

For examples B₂O₃, ClO₂, Cl₂O₇ etc.
(4) Peroxides:

The oxides in which  calculated oxidation state of central atom is more than maximum oxidation state of central atom due to the presence of peroxide linkage.

For examples, H₂O₂, Na₂O₂, BaO₂, PbO₂, CrO₅ etc.
(5) Super Oxides:

The oxides in which oxidati state of oxygen atom always -1/2, and super oxides are always ionic and paramagnetic.

For examples KO₂ , PbO₂, (NH₄)O₂ etc.

KO₂ => k+[O-O]-. Have following character

Bond pair -2

Lone pair -2

Hybri- sp2, linear non planner and bond angle not applicable.

(6) Suboxides:

The oxides contains more oxygen atoms as compare to central atoms and according to valency requirements of central atoms number of oxygen atoms are not sufficient.

For examples B₂O₃, C₃O₂, C₁₂O₉, Pb₃O, Rb₉O₂, Cs₁₁O₃ etc. 

(7) Perovskite oxides:

ABO₃ type Oxides are also called Perovskite for examples CaTiO₃  And BaTiO₃.

(8) Spinel Oxide:

(7) Case Oxides:

 P₄, P₄O₄, P₄O₁₀, P₄S₃, P₄S₁₀, N₄(CH₂)₆

_{Structure of P4O6 and P4O10}

Write the Lewis structures of N2O, NO2 and N2O5 :

Why Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) dimerises to form Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4)?

Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) contains odd number of valence electrons. It behaves as a typical odd molecule. On dimerisation, it is converted to stable Dinitrogen tetra oxide (N₂O₄) molecule with even number of electrons.

Related Questions:

Which is more basic N(CH3)3 or N(SiH3)3 , explain?

Are all the five bonds of PCl5 equivalent? Justify your answer.

Trisilyl amine, N(SiH3)3 is planar whereas trimethyl amines N(CH3)3 is pyramidal. Explain why?.

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are abnormal behaviour of Nitrogen atom as compared to other family members?

What is product obtained when N2O5 is treated with NaCl?

What is metaphophoric (HPO3)?

Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed? 

Why bond angle of hydrides of group 15, decreases down the group?

What is "calgon" ? Give structure and its uses?

Why nitrogen shows catenation properties less than phosphorus?

Why Nitrogen is fairly inert gas?

Why Nitrogen (N2) is less reactive at room temperature?

Why Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) dimerises to form Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4)?

Why Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is coloured but Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4) is colourless?

Hypophosphorous acid (H3PO2) and Phosphorous acid (H3PO3) act as as good reducing agents while H3PO4 does not.Why?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

According to “Bent Rule” loan pair prefer to stay to in those atomic orbital have more (S) character. And bond length is directly proportional to p-character. 

(1) In case of P₄O₆ molecules atomic orbital containing loan pair have more (s)-character and less (P) character hence shorter bond length while remaining orbitals have less (S) character and more (P) character hence longer bond length (X₁) than (X₂) in P₄O_{10 .}

(2) We know that On increasing % s character in hybrid orbital, the bond length decreases while bond angle increases.

(3) In Case of P₄O₆   (O-P-O) bond is Smaller due to higher P character in atomic orbital than orbital containing (O-P-O) in P₄O₁₀(have more s-character )

For reading more Details about  click on  Bent Rule andDrago's rule

Related Questions:

What is Bent’s rule of hybridization?

Which of the following compound have longest (S=O)bond length , O=SF2, O=SCl2, O=SBr2.

Why Bond length of O-O is greater in H2O2 than O2F2?

How to arrange increasing (C-H) bond length in increasing order and H-C-F bond angle in the given compounds, CH4, CH3F, CH2F2 and CHF3 ?

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

Phosphorous is a pentavalent element hence show +3 and +5 oxidation state (d orbital presence).it form two oxide P₂O₃ (+3) and P₂O₅ (+5). These oxide of phosphorus exist as dimer in form of P₄O₆ (+3) and P₄O₅

Common feature of P₄O₆ and P₄O₁₀ 

(1) Both oxides have closed cage like structure.

(2) Both oxides contain six (P-O-P) Bond.

(3) Both oxide have 4 six membered ring.

(4) Both are the anhydride of their respective acids.

(5) Both are Non planer

Structure of phosphorous trioxide (P4O6) and phosphorous pentaoxide (P4O10) :

Phosphorous is a pentavalent element hence show +3 and +5 oxidation state (d orbital presence).it form two oxide P₂O₃ (+3) and P₂O₅ (+5). These oxide of phosphorus exist as dimer in form of P₄O₆ (+3) and P₄O₅

Comparative Study of P₄O₆ and P₄O₁₀ :

SN	Properties	P4O6	P4O10
1	Hybridisation (P) atom	Sp3	Sp3
2	Hybridisation (O) atom	Sp3	Sp3 /Sp2 of Vertex (O)
3	No of Bridge bond (P-O-P)	6	6
4	No of Six member ring	4	4
5	No of Total  (l.p.)	16	20
6	No of Back Bond	0	4
7	No of P(pi)-P(pi) Bond	0	0
8	No of 2P(pi)-3d(pi) Bond	0	4
9	Longer (P-O) Bond	All are equal	12
10	Shorter (P-O) Bond	All are equal	4
11	Bond Length (P-O)	166 pm (Longer)	145 pm (shorter)
12	Bond Angle (O-P-O)	99.5 =100 (smaller)	102 (bigger)
13	Bond Angle (P-O-P)	127 (bigger)	123 (smaller)
14	No of Sigma Bond	12	16
15	No of (Pi) Bond	0	4
16	No of oxygen atom attached with( P)	3	4

Common feature of P₄O₆ and P₄O₁₀ :

(1) Both oxides have closed cage like structure.

(2) Both oxides contain six (P-O-P) Bond.

(3) Both oxide have 4 six member ring.

(4) Both are the anhydride of their respective acids.

(5) Both are Non planer

Explanation of Different Bond length and Bond Angle In P₄O₆ and P₄O₁₀ :

(1) According to "Bent's rule" lone pair electron  prefer to Stay to in those atomic hybrid orbitals have more % s-character.

(2) In case of P₄O₆ molecules, atomic hybrid orbitals containing lone pair electrons have more (s) character and less (p) character hence shorter bond length while remaining orbitals have less (S) character and more (p) character hence longer bond length (X₁) than (X₂) in P₄O_{10 .}

(3) We know that On increasing % s character in hybrid orbital, the bond length decreases while bond angle increases.

(3) In Case of P₄O₆  (O-P-O) bond angle is smaller due to higher p-character in atomic hybrid orbitals than orbital containing (O-P-O) in P₄O₁₀. (have more s-character )

For reading more Details about  click on  Bent Rule and Drago’s rule 

Related Questions:

Which is more basic N(CH3)3 or N(SiH3)3 , explain?

Are all the five bonds of PCl5 equivalent? Justify your answer.

Trisilyl amine, N(SiH3)3 is planar whereas trimethyl amines N(CH3)3 is pyramidal. Explain why?.

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are abnormal behaviour of Nitrogen atom as compared to other family members?

What is product obtained when N2O5 is treated with NaCl?

What is metaphophoric (HPO3)?

Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed? 

Why bond angle of hydrides of group 15, decreases down the group?

What is "calgon" ? Give structure and its uses?

Why nitrogen shows catenation properties less than phosphorus?

Why Nitrogen is fairly inert gas?

Why Nitrogen (N2) is less reactive at room temperature?

Why Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) dimerises to form Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4)?

Why Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is coloured but Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4) is colourless?

Hypophosphorous acid (H3PO2) and Phosphorous acid (H3PO3) act as as good reducing agents while H3PO4 does not.Why?