What are the Important structure information of Diamond?

Lattice of Diamond is ZnS type structure.

(1) C- form FCC (4-atom)

(2) C- atoms present at the 

Alternative tetrahedral voids (4-atoms)

(3) Total Number of one lattice unit is eight(8) hence molecular formula of diamond is (C8)

(4) Number of C-C bond in lattice cell is = 4×4= 16

(5) Number of C-C bond per carbon atom is 16/8=2

(6) the distance between two Carbon atom is d_C-C = a√3/4

(7) PE = π√3/10= 0.34 or 34%

(8) Voids = 66 % 

Only those atoms which form four covalent bond produce a repeated 3D structure using only covalent bonds i.g. diamond structure the latter is based  on of a face centred cubic lattice where four out of eight tetrahedral voids are occupied by canon atoms. Every atoms in this structure is surrounded tetrahedrally by four other. No discrete molecule can be dicemed in diamond .the entire crystal is giant molecule a unit cell of which is shown as below.

Germanium, silicon and grey tin also crystallize in the same way as diamond.

Why are bridge head carbocations unstable?

According to Bredt's rule a bridgehead carbon atom of bicyclo compound cannot be sp2 hybridised or in other word a bridgehead carbon atom cannot be form double bond. unless the ring that contains at least eight atoms.

How does leaching of aluminium ore take place by Serpeck's process?

Serpeck's Process: This process is applied to the bauxite ore containing Silica (White bauxite SiO₂) as major impurity.

 NOTE:Silicone Volatile at this temperature and removed easily.

How does leaching of aluminium ore take place by Hall's process?

Hall's Process: This process is also applied to the bauxite ore containing ferric oxide (red bauxite Fe₂O₃) as major impurity. This process ore is fused with Na₂CO₃.

How does leaching of aluminium ore take place by Baeyer' process?

Baeyer's Process: By Bayer's process commercially it is being carried out (for red bauxite) In other words this process is applied to the bauxite ore containing ferric oxide (red bauxite Fe₂O₃) as chief impurity. Ore roasted to convert ferrous oxide to ferric oxide.