What is the misconceptions about resonance?

Many misconceptions are associated with resonance and the same need to be dispelled. 

You should remember that : 

(1) The cannonical forms have no real        existence.

(2)The molecule does not exist for a       certain fraction of time in one     cannonical form and for other       fractions of time in other cannonical       forms.

(3) There is no such  equilibrium between the cannonical forms as we have between tautomeric forms (keto and enol) in tautornerisrn. 

(4) The molecule as such has a single       structure which is the resonance       hybrid of the cannonical forms and       which cannot as such be depicted by     a single Lewis structure.

(5) Resonance is a theoratical concept. The resonating structure have no physical reality, i.e., they do not actually exist. Only the hybrid structure exists. The hybride structure can not be represented on the paper but resonating structure can be represented.

Releted Questions:

(1) What is the structure of Blue vitriol (CuSO4) .5H2O also represent the H-Bond with water molecules?

(2) Why bond angle of hydrides of group 15, decreases down the group?

(3) Why SF6 behave inert towards hydrolysis?

(4) What are the SESQUI OXIDES ? give the examples.

(5) Arrange in increasing order of extent of hydrolysis [ CCI4, MgCI2, AICI3, PCl5, SiCI4].

(6) Why SF6 behave inert towards hydrolysis?

(7) Although Sulphur contain vacant d-orbital but SF6 does not under go hydrolysis. Why ?

(8) Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

(9) Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed?

(10) CCl4 can not be hydrolysed but SiCl4 can be. Why?

(11) Silianol (SiH3OH) is more acidic than methanol (CH3OH) why?

Among I2, ICI, CCl4, PCl3, POCl3, which molecules exhibit dipole moment?

I₂ and CCl₄ are symmetrical molecule, their dipole moment is zero, while ICl, PCl₃ And POCl₃    will exhibit dipole moment.

Related Questions:

(1) The Dipole moment of Chloromethane is more than Fluoromethane. Explain.

(2) CO2 has got dipole moment of zero why?

(3) Dipole moment of CCl4 is zero while that of CHCl3 is non zero. explain.

(4) Compare the dipole moment of H2O and F2O.

(5) Which has more dipole moment of NH3 or NF3?

(6) Which NH3 and NF3 have the highest dipole moment and why?

(7) Why dipole moment of NH3 is lower than NH3?

(8) What is the difference of dipole moment of NH3 and NF3 respectively?

(9) Among CH3OH, CH4, CF4, CO2 and CH3F, which has the highest dipole moment?

Among CH3OH, CH4, CF4, CO2 and CH3F, which has the highest dipole moment?

CH₄, CF₄ (both tetrahedral), and CO₂ (linear) are symmetrical molecules. Their dipole moment is zero. Since fluorine is more electronegative than oxygen, the dipole moment of CH₃F is higher that of CH₃OH. Thus, among CH₃OH, CH₄ CO₂ and CH₃F, CH₃F has the largest dipole moment.

Related Questions:

(1) The Dipole moment of Chloromethane is more than Fluoromethane. Explain.

(2) CO2 has got dipole moment of zero why?

(3) Dipole moment of CCl4 is zero while that of CHCl3 is non zero. explain.

(4) Compare the dipole moment of H2O and F2O.

(5) Which has more dipole moment of NH3 or NF3?

(6) Which NH3 and NF3 have the highest dipole moment and why?

(7) Why dipole moment of NH3 is lower than NH3?

(8) What is the difference of dipole moment of NH3 and NF3 respectively?

How many molecules form coordinate bonds in CuSO4.5H2O?

In Cupper Sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO₄.5H₂O) Cu is coordinated with 4 water molecules and two more oxygen atoms from Sulphate ion. And hence the coordination number of Cu (II) ion is six and hybridization is sp3d2 with distorted octahedral geometry. Now fifth water molecule is hydrogen bonded and is deeply embedded in crystal.

Thus it is clear that four (4) water molecules are coordinated and one (fifth one) water molecule is bonded with hydrogen bond. And its formula also written as [Cu(H₂O )₄SO₄].H₂O

Releted Questions:

(1) What is the structure of Blue vitriol (CuSO4) .5H2O also represent the H-Bond with water molecules?

(2) Why bond angle of hydrides of group 15, decreases down the group?

(3) Why SF6 behave inert towards hydrolysis?

(4) What are the SESQUI OXIDES ? give the examples.

(5) Arrange in increasing order of extent of hydrolysis [ CCI4, MgCI2, AICI3, PCl5, SiCI4].

(6) Why SF6 behave inert towards hydrolysis?

(7) Although Sulphur contain vacant d-orbital but SF6 does not under go hydrolysis. Why ?

(8) Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

(9) Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed?

(10) CCl4 can not be hydrolysed but SiCl4 can be. Why?

(11) Silianol (SiH3OH) is more acidic than methanol (CH3OH) why?

(12) How many hydrogen bonded water molecules does CuSO4.5H2O have?

How many hydrogen bonded water molecules does CuSO4.5H2O have?

In Cupper Sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO₄.5H₂O) Cu is coordinated with 4 water molecules and two more oxygen atoms from Sulphate ion. And hence the coordination number of Cu (II) ion is six and hybridization is sp3d2 with distorted octahedral geometry. Now fifth water molecule is hydrogen bonded and is deeply embedded in crystal.

Thus it is clear that four (4) water molecules are coordinated and one (fifth one) water molecule is bonded with hydrogen bond. And its formula also written as [Cu(H₂O )₄SO₄].H₂O

Releted Questions:

(1) What is the structure of Blue vitriol (CuSO4) .5H2O also represent the H-Bond with water molecules?

(2) Why bond angle of hydrides of group 15, decreases down the group?

(3) Why SF6 behave inert towards hydrolysis?

(4) What are the SESQUI OXIDES ? give the examples.

(5) Arrange in increasing order of extent of hydrolysis [ CCI4, MgCI2, AICI3, PCl5, SiCI4].

(6) Why SF6 behave inert towards hydrolysis?

(7) Although Sulphur contain vacant d-orbital but SF6 does not under go hydrolysis. Why ?

(8) Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

(9) Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed?

(10) CCl4 can not be hydrolysed but SiCl4 can be. Why?

(11) Silianol (SiH3OH) is more acidic than methanol (CH3OH) why?

What is the difference of dipole moment of NH3 and NF3 respectively?

 Both NH3 and NF3 have sp3 hybridization and trigonal pyramidal shape.

Fluorine has more electronegative than nitrogen but NH₃ has more dipole moment than NF₃.  In NH3, Nitrogen is more electronegative than Hydrogen. So Nitrogen pulls the electrons from Hydrogen towards itself and so, the direction of moment due to the N-H bonds is in the same direction as that of the lone pair of electrons on Nitrogen. Hence here additive effect appears while in case of NF₃, Fluorine is more electronegative than Nitrogen. So fluorine pulls electrons from nitrogen towards itself  so that direction of moment due to N-F bonds is in the opposite direction as the lone pair of electron on nitrogen atom. Hence it is clear dipole moment of NH₃ is more than NF₃.

Related Questions:

(1) The Dipole moment of Chloromethane is more than Fluoromethane. Explain.

(2) CO2 has got dipole moment of zero why?

(3) Dipole moment of CCl4 is zero while that of CHCl3 is non zero. explain.

(4) Compare the dipole moment of H2O and F2O.

(5) Which has more dipole moment of NH3 or NF3?

(6) Which NH3 and NF3 have the highest dipole moment and why?

(7) Why dipole moment of NH3 is lower than NH3?

Why dipole moment of NH3 is lower than NH3?

Both NH3 and NF3 have sp3 hybridization and trigonal pyramidal shape.

Fluorine has more electronegative than nitrogen but NH₃ has more dipole moment than NF₃.  In NH3, Nitrogen is more electronegative than Hydrogen. So Nitrogen pulls the electrons from Hydrogen towards itself and so, the direction of moment due to the N-H bonds is in the same direction as that of the lone pair of electrons on Nitrogen. Hence here additive effect appears while in case of NF₃, Fluorine is more electronegative than Nitrogen. So fluorine pulls electrons from nitrogen towards itself  so that direction of moment due to N-F bonds is in the opposite direction as the lone pair of electron on nitrogen atom. Hence it is clear dipole moment of NH₃ is more than NF₃.

Related Questions:

(1) The Dipole moment of Chloromethane is more than Fluoromethane. Explain.

(2) CO2 has got dipole moment of zero why?

(3) Dipole moment of CCl4 is zero while that of CHCl3 is non zero. explain.

(4) Compare the dipole moment of H2O and F2O.

(5) Which has more dipole moment of NH3 or NF3?

(6) Which NH3 and NF3 have the highest dipole moment and why?

(7) What is the difference of dipole moment of NH3 and NF3 respectively?

Which NH3 and NF3 have the highest dipole moment and why?

Both NH₃ and NF₃ have sp3 hybridization and trigonal pyramidal shape.

                     

Fluorine has more electronegative than nitrogen but NH₃ has more dipole moment than NF₃.  In NH3, Nitrogen is more electronegative than Hydrogen. So Nitrogen pulls the electrons from Hydrogen towards itself and so, the direction of moment due to the N-H bonds is in the same direction as that of the lone pair of electrons on Nitrogen. Hence here additive effect appears while in case of NF₃, Fluorine is more electronegative than Nitrogen. So fluorine pulls electrons from nitrogen towards itself  so that direction of moment due to N-F bonds is in the opposite direction as the lone pair of electron on nitrogen atom. Hence it is clear dipole moment of NH₃ is more than NF₃.

Related Questions:

(1) The Dipole moment of Chloromethane is more than Fluoromethane. Explain.

(2) CO2 has got dipole moment of zero why?

(3) Dipole moment of CCl4 is zero while that of CHCl3 is non zero. explain.

(4) Compare the dipole moment of H2O and F2O.

(5) Which has more dipole moment of NH3 or NF3?

(6) Which NH3 and NF3 have the highest dipole moment and why?

(7) What is the difference of dipole moment of NH3 and NF3 respectively?

Which has more dipole moment of NH3 or NF3?

Both NH₃ and NF₃ have sp3 hybridization and trigonal pyramidal shape.

                        

Fluorine has more electronegative than nitrogen but NH₃ has more dipole moment than NF₃.  In NH3, Nitrogen is more electronegative than Hydrogen. So Nitrogen pulls the electrons from Hydrogen towards itself and so, the direction of moment due to the N-H bonds is in the same direction as that of the lone pair of electrons on Nitrogen. Hence here additive effect appears while in case of NF₃, Fluorine is more electronegative than Nitrogen. So fluorine pulls electrons from nitrogen towards itself  so that direction of moment due to N-F bonds is in the opposite direction as the lone pair of electron on nitrogen atom. Hence it is clear dipole moment of NH₃ is more than NF₃.

Related Questions:

(1) The Dipole moment of Chloromethane is more than Fluoromethane. Explain.

(2) CO2 has got dipole moment of zero why?

(3) Dipole moment of CCl4 is zero while that of CHCl3 is non zero. explain.

(4) Compare the dipole moment of H2O and F2O.

(5) Which has more dipole moment of NH3 or NF3?

(6) Which NH3 and NF3 have the highest dipole moment and why?

(7) What is the difference of dipole moment of NH3 and NF3 respectively?

Compare the dipole moment of H2O and F2O.

Let’s draw the structure of both two compounds and then analyses it.

In both H₂O and F₂O the structure is quite the same. In H₂O as O is more electronegative than hydrogen so the resultant bond dipole is towards O, which means both the lone pair and bond pair dipole are acting in the same direction and dipole moment of H₂O is high. In case of F₂O the bond dipole is acting towards fluorine, so in F₂O the lone pair and bond pair dipole are acting in opposition resulting in a low dipole.

Related Questions:

(1) The Dipole moment of Chloromethane is more than Fluoromethane. Explain.

(2) CO2 has got dipole moment of zero why?

(3) Dipole moment of CCl4 is zero while that of CHCl3 is non zero. explain.

(4) Compare the dipole moment of H2O and F2O.

(5) Which has more dipole moment of NH3 or NF3?

(6) Which NH3 and NF3 have the highest dipole moment and why?

(7) What is the difference of dipole moment of NH3 and NF3 respectively?

Dipole moment of CCl4 is zero while that of CHCl3 is non zero. explain.

Both CCl₄ & CHCl₃ have tetrahedral structure but CCl₄ is symmetrical while CHCl₃ is non-symmetrical.

Due to the symmetric.al structure of CCl₄ the resultant of bond dipoles comes out to be zero. But in case of CHCl₃ it is not possible as the presence of hydrogen introduces some dissymmetry.

Related Questions:

(1) The Dipole moment of Chloromethane is more than Fluoromethane. Explain.

(2) CO2 has got dipole moment of zero why?

(3) Dipole moment of CCl4 is zero while that of CHCl3 is non zero. explain.

(4) Compare the dipole moment of H2O and F2O.

(5) Which has more dipole moment of NH3 or NF3?

(6) Which NH3 and NF3 have the highest dipole moment and why?

(7) Why dipole moment of NH3 is lower than NH3?

 

CO2 has got dipole moment of zero why?

The structure of CO₂is this is a highly symmetrical structure with a plane of symmetry passing through the carbon. The bond dipole of C–O is directed towards oxygen as it is the negative end. Here two equal dipoles acting in opposite direction cancel each other and therefore the dipole moment is zero.

Related Questions:

(1) The Dipole moment of Chloromethane is more than Fluoromethane. Explain.

(2) CO2 has got dipole moment of zero why?

(3) Dipole moment of CCl4 is zero while that of CHCl3 is non zero. explain.

(4) Compare the dipole moment of H2O and F2O.

(5) Which has more dipole moment of NH3 or NF3?

(6) Which NH3 and NF3 have the highest dipole moment and why?

(7) Why dipole moment of NH3 is lower than NH3?

The Dipole moment of chloromethane is more than fluoromethane. Explain.

Since C-Cl bond is longer than C-F bond, thus it is compensates the lower electronegativity factor of chlorine. Hence dipole moment of chloromethane is more than fluoromethane.

Related Questions:

(1) The Dipole moment of Chloromethane is more than Fluoromethane. Explain.

(2) CO2 has got dipole moment of zero why?

(3) Dipole moment of CCl4 is zero while that of CHCl3 is non zero. explain.

(4) Compare the dipole moment of H2O and F2O.

(5) Which has more dipole moment of NH3 or NF3?

(6) Which NH3 and NF3 have the highest dipole moment and why?

(7) Why dipole moment of NH3 is lower than NH3?