Nitrates are prepared by the action of nitric acid on a metal or its oxide, hydroxide or carbonate. All nitrates are soluble in water. On heating, the nitrates of the alkali metals yield only oxygen and the nitrite (Except Lithium).
Most of the nitrate salts of other metals on heating decompose to produce metal oxide ,nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and oxygen gas. (Except M= Na, K, Rb, Cs but lithium(Li) do as above)
NaH2PO4
(Primary phosphate) on heating undergo polymerization and form a stable hexamer
salt (sodiummetaphosphate) which known as
“CALGON” which also use as water softener. And Na2HPO4 (Secondary
phosphate) on heating dimerised to form Sodium
pyrophosphate while no effect
on (Na3PO4 )tertiary phosphate.
Their is a unique feature of Beryllium nitrate , on heating at low temperature (125℃) it give Basic Beryllium nitrate , nitrogen gas and oxygen gas but at high temperature (above 1000℃) it give same products like other bivalent nitrate salts.
Nitrates are prepared by
the action of nitric acid on a metal or its oxide, hydroxide or carbonate. All
nitrates are soluble in water. On heating, the nitrates
of the alkali metals yield only oxygen and the nitrite (Except Lithium).
Most of the nitrate salts of other metals on heating decompose to produce metal oxide ,nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and oxygen gas. (Except M= Na, K, Rb, Cs but lithium(Li) do as above)
If the metal oxides is unstable to heat, in
which case the metal and oxygen are formed for example from nitrates of mercury
(Hg), silver (Ag), Gold (Au), and Platinum (Pt) because Gibb”s free energy of
formation of these oxides are positive. (for more details see “Ellingham
diagram”).
Exception case: Ammonium nitrate gives dinitrogen oxide and steam:
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When borax is strongly heated on loop of platinum wire, it loses water and form dehydrated disodium tetra borate which is swells into the white mass, which on further heating disodium tetra borate melts to form a transparent glassy solid called borax glass and borax bead.
When a solution of given salt is heated on bead , then volatile part of salt displaced by B2O3 and corresponding metaborates salt is formed which gives Characteristic colour on oxidizing and reducing flame and colour of the bead is noted in hot and cold for each type of flame. This is also called "BORAX BEAD TEST"
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When heated, lead(II) nitrate crystals decompose into lead(2)oxide, oxygen and nitrogen dioxide.
2 Pb(NO3)2(s) → 2 PbO (s) + 4 NO2(g) +O2(g)
Due to this property, lead nitrate is used in firewoks.
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