In these complexes, the metal atom and carbon
atom of the ligand are joined together with a sigma bond, i.e., the ligand
contributes one electron and is, therefore, called one electron donor. Examples
are :
(1) Grignard reagent, R-Mg-X where R
is an alkyl or aryl group and X is a halogen.
(2) Zinc
compounds of the formula R2Zn such
as (C2H5)2Zn. This was first isolated by Frankland in 1849.
Other similar compounds are Sn(CH3)4,
Pb(C2H5)4,
Al2(C2H5)6 Al2(CH3)6
, Pb(CH3)4 etc.
Al2(CH3)6 is a dimeric compound and has a structure
similar to diborane, B2H6 It is an electron
deficient compound and two methyl groups act as bridges between two aluminium
atoms.
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