How can draw the Lewis Structure of CO?

The electronic configuration of carbon and oxygen atoms as

C6 =1s2 2s2 2p2
O8 =1s2 2s2 2p4

This information can be used to determine the Lewis Dot Structure of  Carbon monoxide (CO):

Step 1: calculate total valence electrons  for carbon and oxygen atoms.

C = 4
O = 6

Total electrons in CO molecule =10

Step 2: Find octet electrons for each atom , carbon and oxygen

C: 8
O: 8

Total octet electrons =16

Step 3: Find the bonding electrons Subtract total valence electron from total octet electrons

16-10=6 electron (3 bond pair)

Step 4: Find number of bonds between carbon and oxygen atoms  by dividing the number of bonding electrons by 2

6-electrons/2 = 3 bonds

Step 5: The rest are non bonding pairs. Subtract bonding electrons  from valence electrons .

10-6= 4e-= 2 lone pairs

The Lewis structure of CO is identical with that for HC:::CH  except that the C-H bond pair replace by lone pairs.

      "CO is also isoctronic with CN-"

How can describe the bonding in PF5 using hybrid orbital?

The electron-pair and molecular geometry oF PF5 are trigonal-bipyra- midal according to its Lewis structurc and VSEPR theory. Five covalent bonds must point to the corners of a trigonal bipyramid. Therefore, the P atom must  have a single electron in each of five hybrid orbitals. the hybrid scheme is  Sp3d is required.  

Each of the five P-F sigma bond involves overlap of one of the phosphorus spec hybrid orbital with fluorine 2p orbital.

What is Arrhenius equation ?

The temperature dependence of rate of a chemical reaction can be accurately explained by Arrhenius equation. It was first proposed by Dutch chemist   J.H. Vant’s Hoff but Swedish chemist Arrhenius provides its physical justification and interpretation.

Where  

 K= Rate constant

 A= Arrhenius constant or frequency factor or pre exponential factor

 R= Universal gas constant =25/3 joule per mole per second

Ea= Activation Energy

 T= temperature

-Ea/RT= Boltzmann factor or fraction of molecule having equal or greater than Activation energy or fraction of molecule that have kinetic energy greater than activation energy.

Related Questions:

(1) What is Arrhenius equation ?

(2) what happen when activation energy of a chemical reaction becomes equal to RT?

(3) What is the activation energy and how to different from threshold energy ?

(4) In Arrhenius equation for a certain reaction, the value of A and Ea (activation energy) are 4 × 10^13 sec–1 and 98.6 kJ mol–1 respectively. At what temperature, the reaction will have specific rate constant 1.1 × 10^–3 sec–1?

(5) The energy of activation for a reaction is 100 kJ mol–1. Presence of a catalyst lowers the energy of activation by 75%.What will be effect on rate of reaction at 20ºC, other things being equal?

(6) A drug becomes ineffective after 30 % decomposition. The original concentration of a sample was 5mg/mL which becomes 4.2 mg/mL during 20 months. Assuming the decomposition of first order , calculate the expiry time of the drug in months. What is the half life of the product?

(7) A first order reaction is 20 % completed in 10 minutes. Calculate the time taken for the reaction to go to 80 % completion. 

(8) The rate of a reaction triple when temperature changes from 20”C to 50”C. Calculate energy of activation for the reaction (R = 8.314 JK^1 mol^1).