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Sunday, February 23, 2020

What is the correct order of electronegativity of Cl atoms in HClO, HClO2, HClO3 and HClO4 ?


According to the question the oxidation states of Cl are in given series of oxy acids as follows:

HOCI (Chlorine +1 oxidation state) 

HOCIO (Chlorine +3 oxidation state) 

HOClO2 (Chlorine +5 oxidation state) 

HOCIO3 (Chlorine +7 oxidation state) 

The hydrogen is bonded to an oxygen rather than to the chlorine in the given oxy acids. Now It is clear that on addition of additional oxygen atoms with chlorine, it's oxidation state also Increases hence acidity as well as electronegativity both increase linearly.



We know that "Electronegativity is the property of pulling the bonding electron pair towards itself". Higher the oxidation state means more electrons attracted towards thus the atom has more oxidation state (+) is more electronegative.  So electronegativity of Cl follows:



                    "HCIO < HCIO2 < HClO3 < HClO4."

Why Chlorine (Cl2) bleaches a substance permanently but sulphuredioxide (SO2) does it temporarily?

Why Noble gases are mostly chemically inert?

The inertness to chemical reactivity of noble gases is attributed to the following reasons:

(1)The noble gases except helium (1s2) have completely filled ns2np6 electronic configuration in their valence shell.

(2) They have high ionisation enthalpy and more positive electron gain enthalpy.

Why Xenone (Xe) does not forms compounds such as xenone trifluoride (XeF3)and xenone pentafluoride (XeF5)?

By the promotion of one, two or three electrons from filled p-orbital to the vacant d-orbital in the valence shell, 2, 4 or 6 half filled orbitals are formed. Thus Xe can combine only with even number of fluorine and not odd.

Why Noble gases exhibit large positive values of electron gainenthalpy?

Since noble gases have stable electronic configurations, they have no tendency to accept the electron and therefore, have large positive values of electron gain enthalpy.