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Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Fructose contains a keto group, yet it reduces Fehling solution and Tollen's reagent. Why ?



Fructose although contains a ketone group yet it acts as a reducing sugar. This is explained by the formation of glucose from fructose by enolisation. Enolisation results in the formation of glucose from fructose and vice versa. (Lobry de Bruyn Van Ekenstein rearrangement).

There are two -NH2 groups in semicarbazide that might react with a ketone or aldehyde. Explain why the reaction occurs with only one -NH2.

The -NH2 group closer to the carbonyl group is deactivated (resonance-stabilized) compared with the other end -NH2 group:




Related Questions:

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

How does it account for benzene's extraordinary stability ? Give an orbiial picture of benzene ?



The ring is comprised of six sp2 hybridized carbon's each sigma bonded  to carbon’s and an H. (Fig-1) Each Carbon  also has a "p" AO with one electron :  the AO's project above and below the plane of the ring which is a nodal plane. Rather than form three localized alternating doubic bonds (cycIohexatriene). these "p" AO's overlap  laterally to form an extended π-system in which the electrons  are symmetrically delocalized over all six carbon's making the Carbon's equivalent . (Fig-2) Delocalization results in less electron repulsion, greater stabilizalion, and lower energy.

What is lucas reagent and where is lucas reagent uses ?

Anhydrous zinc chloride and concentrate HCl is known as Lucas reagent and it is use for distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols:



Related Questions:

Both glucose and fructose are reducing sugars but sucrose is non-reducing in nature. Why?
Fructose contains a keto group, yet it reduces Fehling solution and Tollen's reagent. Why ?
What is Dunstan's test , How can it use for test Glycerol ?
What is luca's reagent and where is luca's reagent uses ?
What is Victory-Meyer's test and how can distinction between 1°, 2° and 3° alcohols by this ?
Benzaldehyde gives a positive test with Tollen's reagent but not with Benedict's and Fehling's solution. Comment why?
Aromatic amines are lesser basic than aliphatic amines.why ?
Which are the compounds gives positive Tollen's test?
What is Tollen's reagent?
What is Carbylamine test or Isocyanide test ?
What is Hinsberg's reagent and where Hinsberg's test use?
N-Ethyl-N-methyl propanamine does not show optical activity why?

What is Victory-Meyer's test and how can distinction between 1°, 2° and 3° alcohols by this ?

Victory- Meyer's test use for distinction of 1°, 2° and 3° alcohols which include a series of reagent as given below :