Transition metals and
their compounds are known to act as good catalyst due to the following
reasons:
(1) Due to the variable oxidation state, they form
unstable intermediate compounds and provide a new path with lower
activation energy for the reaction (Intermediate compound formation theory) and hence rate of reaction is increases.
(2) In some cases the finely divided metals or their
compounds provide a large surface area for adsorption and the adsorbed
reactants react faster due to the closer contact (Adsorption theory).
Some Important Catalytic:
1. TiCl3 +
Al(C2H5)3 Used as Ziegler – Natta
catalyst
2. V2O5
Converts SO2 to SO3 in the contact process for making H2SO4
3. MnO2 Used
as a catalyst to decompose KClO3 to give O2
4. Fe Used in Haber – Bosch process for making NH3
5. FeCl3
Production of CCl4 from CS2 and Cl2
6. FeSO4
& H2O2 Fenton's reagent
7. PdCl2 Wacker process for the following
conversion
C2H2 + H2O + PdCl2 to CH3CHO
+ 2HCl + Pd
8. Pd For hydrogenation
(Phenol to Cyclohexanol)
9. Pt/PtO Adam catalyst
used for reduction
10. Pt SO2 to
SO3 contact process
11. Pt Cleaning car
exhaust fumes
12. Cu In manufacture of
(CH3)2SiCl2
13. Cu/V Oxidation of
cyclohexanol
14. CuCl2
Deacon process or making Cl2 from HCl
15. Ni Raney nickel
16. Pt/Rh Ostwald's process. NH3 to NO
17. Baeyer's
reagent - 1% alkaline solution of KMnO4.
18. Etard's
reagent- CrO2Cl2 Chromyl chloride.
19. Luca's
reagent- Anhydrous ZnCl2+ concentrated HCl.
20. Barford
reagent- Cu(CH3COOH)2+ CH3COOH.
21. Brown
catalyst- Nickel
Boride.
22. Lindlar's
Catalyst- Pd/C use to convert alkynes to cis alkenes.
23. Adkin's catalyst- (CuO.CuCr2O4) or CuO.Cuo.Cr2O3, Copper chromite is use to reduce corboxylic acids into corresponding alcohols
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