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Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Write total fuctional isomers of molecular formula C5H10O.

Total fuctional isomers of molecular formula C5H10O Possible are six which are given as:

Arrange the following compounds 2-Methylhexane in order of their increasing of (A) boiling point and (B) melting point ? (1) n-hexane (2) 2-methyl hexane (3) 2, 2-dimethyl pentane (4) 2, 3-dimethyl pentane.

(A) BoiIing point on alkane is directly proportional to their molecular weight and  inversely proportional to branching. Therefore, the increasing order is (1) < (3) < (4) < (2)   

(B) Melting point of alkane is directly proportional to molecular weight as well as branching of  alkane because increased branching leads to a more compact molecule. Thus the increasing order is (1) < (2) < (4) < (3). 

Benzamide is less easily hydrolysed than methyl benzoate. Why ?

We know that N is less electronegative than oxygen therefore. N can donate a pair of electrons more readily than oxygen.  Therefore, magnitude of positive charge on carbonyl carbon in benzamide is less than in methyl benzoate. Thus during hydrolysis, attack of -OH- ion on carbonyl carbon in benzamide is difficult than in methyl benzoate. Thus benzamide is less easily hydrolysed than methyl benzoate.

Out of Acet.yl chloride and acetic anhydride, acetic anhydride is preferred for acylation reactions. Explain why?

Both acetyl chloride and acetic anhydride are good acetylating agents, however, acetyl chloride is much more reactive than acetic anhydride and hence with acetyl chloride reactions are very fast and difficult to control , and with acetic anhydride can be controlled easily. Therefore, acetic anhydride is preferred over acetyl chloride for acetylation.

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