Why nitrogen shows catenation properties less than phosphorus?

Catenation power of nitrogen is less because N-N bond is weaker than the single P-P bond. N-N single bond is weaker than P-P bond is due to smaller size of nitrogen atom there is stronger inter electronic repulsion between nitrogen atoms hence it form strong pπ–pπ multiple bond and become diatomic molecule.

Related Questions:

Which is more basic N(CH3)3 or N(SiH3)3 , explain?

Are all the five bonds of PCl5 equivalent? Justify your answer.

Trisilyl amine, N(SiH3)3 is planar whereas trimethyl amines N(CH3)3 is pyramidal. Explain why?.

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are abnormal behaviour of Nitrogen atom as compared to other family members?

What is product obtained when N2O5 is treated with NaCl?

What is metaphophoric (HPO3)?

Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed? 

Why bond angle of hydrides of group 15, decreases down the group?

What is "calgon" ? Give structure and its uses?

Why nitrogen shows catenation properties less than phosphorus?

Why Nitrogen is fairly inert gas?

Why Nitrogen (N2) is less reactive at room temperature?

Why Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) dimerises to form Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4)?

Why Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is coloured but Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4) is colourless?

Hypophosphorous acid (H3PO2) and Phosphorous acid (H3PO3) act as as good reducing agents while H3PO4 does not.Why?

What is "calgon" ? Give structure and its uses?

Hexamer of meta phosphoric acid exist as sodium salt which is called  sodium metaphophate or sodium polymetaphosphate and it is commercially  known as "CALGON" and use as water softener.

Related Questions:

What are "pyro" oxy acids?

What are "Ortho" or "Meta" oxyacids?

What is Meta Boric Acids?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

Why bond angle of hydrides of group 15, decreases down the group?

Hydride: NH₃ > PH₃ > AsH₃ >SbH₃

H-M-H angle: 107 > 92 > 90 > 91 (Degree)

This is due to the decrease in electronegativity of the central atom of hydride. As the electronegativity decrease the electrons which were more close to central atom at lower hydrides tends to more far from it and bp-bp repulsion decreases.

Related Questions:

Which is more basic N(CH3)3 or N(SiH3)3 , explain?

Trisilyl amine, N(SiH3)3 is planar whereas trimethyl amines N(CH3)3 is pyramidal. Explain why?.

Are all the five bonds of PCl5 equivalent? Justify your answer.

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are abnormal behaviour of Nitrogen atom as compared to other family members?

What is product obtained when N2O5 is treated with NaCl?

What is metaphophoric (HPO3)?

Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed?

Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed?

PCl₃ hydrolysed due to the presence of vacant Orbital in phosphorus atom which can accept lone pair from water molecule while NCl₃ cannot hydrolyse due to unavailability of vacant d-orbitals.

Related Questions:

Which is more basic N(CH3)3 or N(SiH3)3 , explain?

Trisilyl amine, N(SiH3)3 is planar whereas trimethyl amines N(CH3)3 is pyramidal. Explain why?.

Are all the five bonds of PCl5 equivalent? Justify your answer.

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are abnormal behaviour of Nitrogen atom as compared to other family members?

What is product obtained when N2O5 is treated with NaCl?

What is metaphophoric (HPO3)?

Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

Phosphorus forms PCl₅ due to availability of vacant d-orbital though white P can extend its oxidation state but this is not applicable in case of N due to unavailability of d-orbitals.

Related Questions:

Which is more basic N(CH3)3 or N(SiH3)3 , explain?

Trisilyl amine, N(SiH3)3 is planar whereas trimethyl amines N(CH3)3 is pyramidal. Explain why?.

Are all the five bonds of PCl5 equivalent? Justify your answer.

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are abnormal behaviour of Nitrogen atom as compared to other family members?

What is product obtained when N2O5 is treated with NaCl?

What is metaphophoric (HPO3)?

Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed? 

What is metaphophoric (HPO3)?

Polymeric form of Ortho phosphoric is called meta phosphoric acid, it exist as dimer, trimer and polymer but trimer and Hexamer is more common.

(1) Trimer of phosphoric acid exists as cyclic trimer which contains three P-O-P bonds.

(2) Hexamer of phosphoric acid exist as sodium salt which is called sodium metaphophate or sodium polymetaphosphate and it is commercially  known as "CALGON" and use as water softener.

Related Questions:

What are "pyro" oxy acids?

What are "Ortho" or "Meta" oxyacids?

What is Meta Boric Acids?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

What is product obtained when N2O5 is treated with NaCl?

When N₂O₅ is treated with NaCl with NaCl solution then ionic reaction occurs and NaNO₃ and NO₂Cl is formed.

          N₂O₅ + NaCl --> NaNO₃ + NO₂Cl

This reaction proves that solid N₂O₅ is in ionic nature.

          N₂O₅(s) ---->[ NO₂]⁺  + [NO₃]^-

N₂O₅ is a rare example of a compound that adopt two structure depending on the conditions most commonly it is a salt, but under some conditions it is a polar molecule.

            [NO₂]⁺  + [NO₃]^- = [N₂O₅]

Related Questions:

Which is more basic N(CH3)3 or N(SiH3)3 , explain?

Trisilyl amine, N(SiH3)3 is planar whereas trimethyl amines N(CH3)3 is pyramidal. Explain why?.

Are all the five bonds of PCl5 equivalent? Justify your answer.

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are abnormal behaviour of Nitrogen atom as compared to other family members?

What is product obtained when N2O5 is treated with NaCl?

What is metaphophoric (HPO3)?

Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed?

What are abnormal behaviour of Nitrogen atom as compared to other family members?

Abnormal Behaviour of Nitrogen:

(1) Nitrogen is a gas, while other elements are solids.

(2) Nitrogen molecule is diatomic (N₂) while molecules of P, As and Sb are tetra atomic (P₄, As₄, Sb₄) and that of Bi is mono atomic.

(3) Halides of nitrogen except NF₃ are highly explosive.

(4) N₂O₃ and N₂O₅ are monomeric while trioxides and pentoxides of P,As and Sb are dimeric.

(5) It is chemically inert due to the presence of triple bond other elements are highly reactive due to presence of single bond in their molecule.
(6) N₂, CO, (CN)¯ are isoelectronic species but N₂ is less reactive due to nonpolar nature and high ionisation energy.

(7) N does not form sulphides

Related Questions:

Which is more basic N(CH3)3 or N(SiH3)3 , explain?

Trisilyl amine, N(SiH3)3 is planar whereas trimethyl amines N(CH3)3 is pyramidal. Explain why?.

Are all the five bonds of PCl5 equivalent? Justify your answer.

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are abnormal behaviour of Nitrogen atom as compared to other family members?

What is product obtained when N2O5 is treated with NaCl?

What is metaphophoric (HPO3)?

Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

According to “Bent Rule” loan pair prefer to stay to in those atomic orbital have more (S) character. And bond length is directly proportional to p-character. 

(1) In case of P₄O₆ molecules atomic orbital containing loan pair have more (s)-character and less (P) character hence shorter bond length while remaining orbitals have less (S) character and more (P) character hence longer bond length (X₁) than (X₂) in P₄O_{10 .}

(2) We know that On increasing % s character in hybrid orbital, the bond length decreases while bond angle increases.

(3) In Case of P₄O₆   (O-P-O) bond is Smaller due to higher P character in atomic orbital than orbital containing (O-P-O) in P₄O₁₀(have more s-character )

For reading more Details about  click on  Bent Rule andDrago's rule

Related Questions:

What is Bent’s rule of hybridization?

Which of the following compound have longest (S=O)bond length , O=SF2, O=SCl2, O=SBr2.

Why Bond length of O-O is greater in H2O2 than O2F2?

How to arrange increasing (C-H) bond length in increasing order and H-C-F bond angle in the given compounds, CH4, CH3F, CH2F2 and CHF3 ?

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

Phosphorous is a pentavalent element hence show +3 and +5 oxidation state (d orbital presence).it form two oxide P₂O₃ (+3) and P₂O₅ (+5). These oxide of phosphorus exist as dimer in form of P₄O₆ (+3) and P₄O₅

Common feature of P₄O₆ and P₄O₁₀ 

(1) Both oxides have closed cage like structure.

(2) Both oxides contain six (P-O-P) Bond.

(3) Both oxide have 4 six membered ring.

(4) Both are the anhydride of their respective acids.

(5) Both are Non planer

Which is more basic N(CH3)3 or N(SiH3)3 , explain?

Nitrogen (N) atom in trimethyl amine [N(CH₃)₃] is sp3 hybridised and non bonding electron pair of N is localized. Therefore it is more basic. On the other hand N atom of trisilyl amine [N(SiH₃)₃] is sp2 hybridised. 

This is due to the participation of non-bonding pair of N into pπ-dπ back banding. Due to this delocalization of non-bonding electron pair of N in trisilyl amine it is less basic.

Related Questions:

Why trimethylamine amine ( N(CH3)3) is tetrahedral while trisilyl amine (N(SiH3)3) planner.?

Why trimethyl amine {(CH3)3 N:} is pyramidal while trisilyl amine {(SiH3)3N:} is trigonal planer?

Which is/are the correct statement/s about structure of methyl isothiocyanate (H3CNCS) and Silyl isothiocyanate(SiH3NCO)?

What is the Si–N–C bond angle in Silyl isothiocyanate and methyl isothiocyanate (H3CNCS)?

What are the order of extent back bonding, Lewis acid character and nucleophilicity of (BF3, BCl3, BBr3, BI3)boron trihalides?

Arrange the silicon halides into decreasing order of Lewis acids Character? SiF4, SiCl4, SiBr4, SiI4

Are all the five bonds of PCl5 equivalent? Justify your answer.

PCl₅ has Sp³ hybridisation and trigonal bipiramidal geometry. PCl₅ has three equivalent equatorial and two equivalent axial P – Cl bonds. However, due to greater bond pair – bond pair repulsions, the axial P – Cl bonds are longer and hence different from the three equatorial bonds

Halides of Nitrogen Family:

Trisilyl amine, N(SiH3)3 is planar whereas trimethyl amines N(CH3)3 is pyramidal. Explain why?.

In N(SiH₃)₃, N attains sp2 hydridisation and the lone pair of N is involved in d_pi-p_pi  back bonding by getting itself delocalized on to empty 3d – orbitals of silicon.

But in N(CH₃)₃, N is sp3 hybridised in which three of the hybrid orbitals are used in forming s  - bonds with NH₃ groups, while the lone pair is present in the fourth hybrid orbital. Thus the molecule is pyramidal.

For More deatils click here Back Bond theory:

Structure of phosphorous trioxide (P4O6) and phosphorous pentaoxide (P4O10) :

Phosphorous is a pentavalent element hence show +3 and +5 oxidation state (d orbital presence).it form two oxide P₂O₃ (+3) and P₂O₅ (+5). These oxide of phosphorus exist as dimer in form of P₄O₆ (+3) and P₄O₅

Comparative Study of P₄O₆ and P₄O₁₀ :

SN	Properties	P4O6	P4O10
1	Hybridisation (P) atom	Sp3	Sp3
2	Hybridisation (O) atom	Sp3	Sp3 /Sp2 of Vertex (O)
3	No of Bridge bond (P-O-P)	6	6
4	No of Six member ring	4	4
5	No of Total  (l.p.)	16	20
6	No of Back Bond	0	4
7	No of P(pi)-P(pi) Bond	0	0
8	No of 2P(pi)-3d(pi) Bond	0	4
9	Longer (P-O) Bond	All are equal	12
10	Shorter (P-O) Bond	All are equal	4
11	Bond Length (P-O)	166 pm (Longer)	145 pm (shorter)
12	Bond Angle (O-P-O)	99.5 =100 (smaller)	102 (bigger)
13	Bond Angle (P-O-P)	127 (bigger)	123 (smaller)
14	No of Sigma Bond	12	16
15	No of (Pi) Bond	0	4
16	No of oxygen atom attached with( P)	3	4

Common feature of P₄O₆ and P₄O₁₀ :

(1) Both oxides have closed cage like structure.

(2) Both oxides contain six (P-O-P) Bond.

(3) Both oxide have 4 six member ring.

(4) Both are the anhydride of their respective acids.

(5) Both are Non planer

Explanation of Different Bond length and Bond Angle In P₄O₆ and P₄O₁₀ :

(1) According to "Bent's rule" lone pair electron  prefer to Stay to in those atomic hybrid orbitals have more % s-character.

(2) In case of P₄O₆ molecules, atomic hybrid orbitals containing lone pair electrons have more (s) character and less (p) character hence shorter bond length while remaining orbitals have less (S) character and more (p) character hence longer bond length (X₁) than (X₂) in P₄O_{10 .}

(3) We know that On increasing % s character in hybrid orbital, the bond length decreases while bond angle increases.

(3) In Case of P₄O₆  (O-P-O) bond angle is smaller due to higher p-character in atomic hybrid orbitals than orbital containing (O-P-O) in P₄O₁₀. (have more s-character )

For reading more Details about  click on  Bent Rule and Drago’s rule 

Related Questions:

Which is more basic N(CH3)3 or N(SiH3)3 , explain?

Are all the five bonds of PCl5 equivalent? Justify your answer.

Trisilyl amine, N(SiH3)3 is planar whereas trimethyl amines N(CH3)3 is pyramidal. Explain why?.

What are common structural features of oxides (P4O6 and P4O5) of phosphorous?

What are the structural difference between oxides ( P4O6 and P4O10) of phosphorous?

What are abnormal behaviour of Nitrogen atom as compared to other family members?

What is product obtained when N2O5 is treated with NaCl?

What is metaphophoric (HPO3)?

Phosphorus can form PCl5 but nitrogen can not form NCl5 why?

Why PCl3 hydrolysed while NCl3 can not be hydrolysed? 

Why bond angle of hydrides of group 15, decreases down the group?

What is "calgon" ? Give structure and its uses?

Why nitrogen shows catenation properties less than phosphorus?

Why Nitrogen is fairly inert gas?

Why Nitrogen (N2) is less reactive at room temperature?

Why Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) dimerises to form Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4)?

Why Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is coloured but Dinitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4) is colourless?

Hypophosphorous acid (H3PO2) and Phosphorous acid (H3PO3) act as as good reducing agents while H3PO4 does not.Why?